Irrigating Greenhouse Crops
Greenhouse Irrigation Systems
Micro-Irrigation Systems
Micro-irrigation (sometimes called trickle irrigation or drip irrigation systems) is currently the most common irrigation approach in greenhouse production systems. Micro-irrigation is designed to apply water at very low rates directly to the root zone of plants. Micro-irrigation systems can be divided into two categories: point source emitters and line source emitters. An emitter is a metering device made from plastic that delivers a small but precise discharge of water to the plant root zone. Point source emitters are best suited for containerized greenhouse crops. Point source emitters can be inserted directly in a lateral supply pipe or, more commonly, can be connected at the end of thin polyethylene microtubes (Figure 16.1), often referred to as spaghetti tubing. The microtubes are connected directly to a 0.75-inch (19mm) polyethylene or PVC supply pipe, which is usually run down the center of the bench or row from end to end.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Micro-irrigation systems use less water and do not wet stems or leaves of plants when water is being applied, so the opportunity for disease incidence is minimal. These systems can be expanded as needed, feature low energy costs, and can be customized to suit greenhouses, plant containers, raised beds, shrubs, hanging baskets, and more. Micro-irrigation systems usually require less energy for operation because the drip applicators require lower operating pressure than sprinkler irrigation.
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